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Thursday, March 12, 2020

Who Is Seeing The Whole Picture?


Who is Seeing the Whole Picture?


 

I love this image of a health care provider looking into a patient's problems. I can work with patients for a long time and realize I am only seeing such a small part of who they are and what ails them. Health care providers learn to look through the stuff that separates them from the patient, but only as a patient opens up. I am afraid modern-day medicine is retreating behind a thick wall to some degree. The beautiful art of medicine lies in the decoding process of all the pieces we are given. Recently I have been treating a patient named Stephanie. Because of how serious her injury is, I am really getting to know her due to our frequent visits, email, and phone calls. She has a nerve injury we are trying to sort out. She is getting many opinions on my recommendations. We talk, we e-mail, and we explore. I am so impressed at her strength, but understand her fear. Most health care providers want to see their patients face-to-face for every exchange, but it is not practical. The fragmented images of the patient's problem, are even more fragmented on paper, phone, or Internet, but it is just a new learning curve. I have learned to love the ease of using e-mail. But, since I am from San Francisco, I miss the hugs (probably why I got into medicine in the first place).

           The world is crying out for health care providers to be primary care doctors (where the buck stops!!) Not triage doctors who hear a complaint and just swish you around to various specialists. Every specialty should have super-specialists and general care specialists. I feel I do a decent job as the primary care podiatrist for my patients’ foot and ankle problems. By being the primary foot care specialist, the buck stops with me!! Even though I am sending Stephanie to various specialists, I gladly take full responsibility to help her decide her options, to wade through the complexities. If you have a foot injury, you should have a primary care foot specialist who takes care of youand that can be a physical therapist, podiatrist, orthopedist, chiropractor, etc., someone who is committed to know what everyone is saying, and to see you through the injury to the end. Someone who will be privileged to see you at a deeper level. I know what you are thinking now, but I can dream can't I.

This was an excerpt from my book "Secrets to Keep Moving: A Guide from a Podiatrist"

 

Sunday, March 8, 2020

Nothing Seems to be Too Wrong Syndrome

 "Nothing Seems to Be Wrong" Syndrome: Confusion created right at the start of treatment.


Many patients come to my office with a difficult problem and a pattern of treatment I would consider sub-par. This sub-par treatment may be performed by top physicians, physical therapists, and others in the health care system, all with good intentions. I am amazed so many times at the previous treatment given, and I think that the providers must have been burnt out when treating the patient. Why were these good clinicians giving patients such inadequate treatment? It took me a while to see a pattern in these patients. I call this syndrome of inadequate care "The Nothing Seems to be Too Wrong" Syndrome (although I still grasp for a better title).
Yesterday I saw Helen for the first time. Helen matches the profile of this syndrome well, and I even told her so. She has had a significant ankle problem for several years, and very inadequate treatment. The injury to her ankle is very disabling, she can not run or jump due to the injury, and she is only 21 years old!! Helen is cheerful, very positive in nature, bubbling in personality, walked into the office without limping, and looking vibrant and healthy by any definition. After examining her ankle, even though it was obvious she needed X-rays and an MRI, I had to force the words that she needed these tests out of my mouth. There is a psychological block to have the patient spend the money, time, effort, etc. to order these tests, since the patient outwardly seems to have nothing wrong (no bone is sticking out the side of the ankle). 
Yes, the patient is too healthy-looking with a persona beaming to have a serious injury. Does that make sense? No!! Anyone can get a serious injury. No health care provider actually wants anyone to have a bad injury, and the reasons at any one moment can be numerous. A bad injury denotes possible diagnostic dilemmas, possible difficulties in treatment reflecting poorly on the provider, possible requirements of effort that a burnt-out doctor, therapist, etc. may not want to expend . . . the list goes on. But, for the average clinician, a serious injury to an otherwise vibrant healthy-looking patient is just too sad on a human level, and so easily dismissed. The hope then shifts to a desire that the patient has something that they will recover from with ease. Should health care providers be allowed to be human in the twenty-first century? I hope so.
What are the components that affect this syndrome? First of all, it is the physical nature of the patient. Secondly, and probably the most important, it is the positive personality of the patient. This positive personality, when the health care provider is collecting initial impressions, may steer the course of treatment away from a potentially negative diagnosis. How is a negative diagnosis avoided? One way is that the proper tests to make that diagnosis are never done. If done, the results of the tests may be minimized. If you match the positive personality of the patient (glass is half-full) with an otherwise positive (glass is half-full) doctor, trouble brews in setting the course correctly in developing a great treatment plan.
What does all this really mean? Patients who feel they may have a serious injury need to push these health care providers along gently (they are not machines). Assume that they are human and actually don’t want to learn any bad news about you. You, on the other hand, want your body to work correctly for many years to come and need their help to make things right again. How are things made right again? First step is always in ordering the right tests, and then moving the treatment through the roadblocks, and over the plateaus. 
Part of this syndrome is then matching the implied need of the patient to the implied need sensed by the doctor of the problem. Trouble happens when the patient and doctor can not agree on the present need of treatment. 
I have found as my long term patients have morphed into friends over the decades, I am very prone to this problem. I am glad I have partners to refer to for second opinions. I see my patients back regularly to check on their progress. I try to push through the psychological road block I put up myself for really not wanting this to be a bad problem. I recognize this in myself. Plus, I love the KISS principle (Keep It Simple Stupid). I must always ask if I am under treating for the patient, for me, or am I appropriately treating the problem. The Art of Medicine can be complex, and just take some extra thought. 

The following was an excerpt from my book "Secrets to Keep Moving: A Guide from a Podiatrist."

Drop Foot: Try Turbomed Brace

     One of my blog patients developed drop foot from a spinal injury. She highly recommends this brace. I reviewed it online, and could see that it would work well. At times the patient may actually need a rigid AFO (ankle foot orthotic) to rest the ankle due to pain, but this brace should help avoid tripping. 

https://youtu.be/iHg6AjeuGt8



https://youtu.be/CMmFb7-K-V8

Plantar Plate Big Toe Joint Injury: Email Advice

Nov 9th, 2019 I stubbed my big toe REALLY hard.  I heard crunching. Went to Podiatrist 2 days later, x-rays, was told I had an occlusal fracture on outside of big toe. Told to wear a stiff soled shoe, rest if possible. On December 23rd, I went back to Dr, another x-ray, no progress in healing (I wasn't the best at resting I admit), was then given a boot and told I could be weight-bearing as able.  Holidays, daughters home, etc, I did better at resting but started noticing other pains now, in ball of foot.  More swelling, purple when I didn't elevate it, tender.  Back to Dr. on Jan 23, x-ray, the fracture was definitely healing she said but maybe I should get an MRI to assess the soft tissue.  I should have said yes at that point but trying to save $.  
February 25 finally had MRI and told I have torn plantar plate under 1st mtp joint, subchondral marrow edema in same toe,  osteoporosis of several IP joints (which wasn't there before so I know this osteoporosis is injury-induced).  Dr. said let's give it 4-6 weeks of ABSOLUTELY ZERO weight-bearing (knee scooter, etc) and see if scar tissue starts to form.  She told me to ice 3x/day, elevate, NO heat.  (Today I found an article on your blog that talked about why I've at this stage may not be be best, but rather contrast baths. I did that and it felt intuitively much better than icing my already cold foot).  My question is:  Do you think there's a chance of scar tissue forming (binding the ligament together)? I don't want surgery if I can avoid it.  She said she's seen cases of that happening which is why she said we could wait another 4-6 weeks.....
Thank you

Dr. Blake’s response:
     . The way I look at this is that we want scar tissue to replace the tear, so the toe has to be taped for the next 6 months (not tightly to cut off the circulation) to limit the toe bending. You want to go through the knee scooter routine, and make sure at the end of that you are in an orthotic that off weights the area (probably with additional Dr. Jills Gel Dancer’s Pads on top), and shoes either bike shoes with embedded cleats or Hoka One One athletic shoes with rocker. I think it is crucial to walk width tape, shoe, and orthotic protection if you can keep the pain between 0-2. Some docs will go from scooter to boot and crutches to boot only to bike shoes or stiff hiking boots with orthotics in a progressive pattern. However, even though this is what I would do regardless, full thickness may not glue back and need surgical stitching of the ligament back down to the bone. You sort of know if we can not create the 0-2 pain level as we advance your function. The other problem is the fracture which may require bone stimulators or micro-fracture surgery, or simply resolve on its own. Your job is to take this information to your doctor, just be honest about the level of pain and your expectations at each point. I have seen patients successfully helped with conservative treatment and some requiring surgery. Since I try a lot of things, my patients if they need surgery know by 6 months from now. Remember anything you do now that protects the joint will be very helpful if you need surgery. I sure hope this helps. Rich 

Below first is my post on tears involving the 2nd toe joint, which is far more common than first joint, but still should give you more ideas. 

http://www.drblakeshealingsole.com/2015/01/capsulitisplantar-plate-injuries-of-2nd.html

Below is a good review article designed for podiatrists, but should give you some ideas also.

https://www.podiatrytoday.com/expert-insights-treating-plantar-plate-tears

Saturday, March 7, 2020

Great Illustration of How Experience is Important, and Sometimes it Leads to Creativity

New Video: Mechanical Treatment of Painful 2nd and 3rd Metatarsals and Toes

     I am happy to give you a new video on the experimentation that some of my patients go through in relieving the mechanical sources of their metatarsal and digital pains around the 2nd and 3rd toe area. Always remember that relieving pain can need all 3 sources addressed: mechanics, inflammation, and nerve related.

https://youtu.be/2dGq6DKbL4U

Thursday, March 5, 2020

Runner's Knot for Increased Stability and Less Heel Slippage

Please start this video at the 3:15 spot to bypass some of the commentary. Power Lacing can be done on almost any shoe and is vital if you wear shoe inserts so that you do not slip out of the heel. This technique, introduced as Power Lacing in the 1980s, when everything was Power Bars, Power Meetings, Power Lunches, etc, the running community gradually changed the name to Stability Lacing or just Runner's Knot. Fantastic to give more stability.

https://youtu.be/a5lUNW9wlpY

Sunday, March 1, 2020

Supination Resistance Test for Degree of Pronation Force

     Podiatrists, and other health care providers, design orthotic devices and make other recommendations based on problems related to the patient's over pronation. This one test called the Supination Resistance Test can give the clinician some feel of how easy or hard that patient's foot will be to correct. Along with other static tests like functional hallux limitus, or heel bisection positioning, this test can be used to note the asymmetries in the feet you are treating. These findings can play a role in my treatment of patients if I can predict which patients will need more correction than average, and which patients will need more correction on one foot versus the other. Rich

https://youtu.be/a1gEKL0HINY

Metatarsal Doming or Arcing for Foot Intrinsic Strength

     This has to be the one exercise I recommend the most for my patients to develop good intrinsic muscle strength along with single leg poses or balancing exercises.

https://youtu.be/GY-mJjXmeIc

Tuesday, February 25, 2020

Kinesiotape has many great qualities, but does not help Ankle Stability

https://bmjopensem.bmj.com/content/bmjosem/6/1/e000604.full.pdf

     I use Kinesiotape and Rocktape in my office all the time. The study above documents that these flexible tapes are not strong enough for ankle stability, even those I have found them useful to helping activate weak muscles and biofeedback functions. The ankle motion is too strong. However using Kinesiotape on less stressful joints (big toe joint, MPJs, midfoot, and at muscle attachments) is very helpful.

Monday, February 24, 2020

Posterior Tibial Tendon Braces

Hi Dr. Blake,

I sprained my ankle about 8 weeks ago.  I had very little pain, swelling, and bruising and was walking on it the next day.  I then realized that I had lost significant range of motion in my foot which concerned me, so I took it easy for about three weeks, only walking as needed but not walking for exercise.  A month after the injury I was still concerned about the limited range of motion ( up, down and side to side).  I was also concerned about my inability to raise my heel off the ground when standing only on that leg.  I had watched a lot of youtube videos about sprained ankles and that didn't seem to be a symptom.  

So, after a month I went to a podiatrist who confirmed that I had a grade one sprain of the ATF.  I told him I was concerned that I couldn't raise my heel when standing on that one leg, but he didn't say anything about that.  Now, eight weeks after the injury, my foot is basically pain free although it still appears slightly swollen and bruised on the ATF side.  I can now raise my heel off the ground easily when seated (not weight bearing) but can only raise it an inch or two off the ground when standing on that one leg.  At least it is improving slowly.  

I just did some research online and learned that my symptom is likely due to PTTD.  That may also explain why I have been having a feeling of pulling under my foot (sometimes when I walk) basically where the back of my arch meets the underside of my heel.  It looks like that is right about where the PTT wraps under the foot.  

I have been wearing the blue powerstep insoles but am thinking about switching to the red ones that offer even more arch support to hopefully take more pressure off the PTT.  Also, I found a couple PTTD braces online, and I was wondering if I should get one of them to wear for a while.  Wondering if you would recommend one of those and if so, which one and for how long?  Here are the ones I found-



I already have an ASO brace and could use that, but I'd rather get whatever is best for this.

Thank you for your help!!  I really appreciate it.

Dr. Blake's comment: 


The above Bioskin brace was touted as a good one for his Stage 1 PTTD by one of my patients. Aircast and Richie's are for advanced cases which I hope you are not. See my video also of posterior tibial taping with leukotape, a good alternative to braces usually. Rich  

https://youtu.be/AcSSyBfFocE

Sesamoid AVN: Email Correspondence

https://www.drblakeshealingsole.com/2019/08/sesamoid-avn-email-advice.html


For anyone that might read through this with similar problems - I am the patient in this email correspondence. As I write this comment I'm 6-months further along - it's Jan 2020. I'll update again in another few months. I spent about 6-weeks non weight bearing on my left foot and then another couple of weeks after that in one of those big boots you can walk in. I spent 3-months through to November contrast bathing every night and I've been using an Exogen bone stimulator on my left foot every night for the last 5 months. After the boot I transitioned into New Balance Fresh Foam More shoes with some home made orthotics to off-weight the sesamoids.

For whatever reason over the summer my right "good" foot also became painful in that big toe region and I freaked out and ended up getting that MRI'd as well. It continues to be sore in that same sesamoid big toe joint area but the MRI showed up pretty benign. I've continued to exercise throughout although being pretty conservative with my activities. I haven't tried pushing it too hard yet but I'm curious to see how my feet handle more aggressive activities.

My current status is a pretty much constant low level discomfort and stiffness feeling in both feet in that sesamoid/big toe joint area when I'm walking. It ebbs and flows a little bit but I haven't had severe flare-ups at all in the last 6-months. I've done a little walking bare foot, played with my kids fine, swim regularly even pushing off walls, bike rides, done a couple of short hikes, and worn dress shoes for work on occasion. It's not perfect and I haven't done any running or played soccer at all - the background level of things doesn't really feel much different to when I was diagnosed with these issues 6-months ago - but it was really the flare-ups and not being able to walk without hobbling that was the most debilitating. 

I'm not willing to take any more aggressive steps like surgery at this point. Especially considering my right foot acted up as well and there's not really any way to pinpoint exactly what the problem is with that. I was taking a lot of anti-inflammatory meds to be able to function before I got formally diagnosed with this issue last summer. I'm not taking any now and so I at least feel like I'm establishing a good background level of functionality. It's concerning to me that the background level of pain and discomfort hasn't really improved or changed at all in the last 6-months but at the same time I'm working on finding the balance with how highly I can function activity-wise. My next step is to get some custom orthotics and further define what kinds of footwear can help me diversify into increased and more aggressive activities.

Saturday, February 8, 2020

Sesamoid Fracture: Email Advice

Dear Dr. Blake,

I came across your blog and since sesamoid injuries are so tricky, I thought I would reach out to you. It looks like you have been in the field for awhile and hopefully, you can give me the best course of action.

I was diagnosed with a medial sesamoid fracture on my right foot 7 months ago, about two months after running 1/2 marathon. I’ve been a runner all my life and have done a number of races. Im aware not to overdue things and had a running schedule designed by my PT to do a mix of runs and cross training so I was surprised to have sustained a stress fracture. I’m 39years old. 

I went into a boot for 5 weeks, and then slowly weaned out of the boot for a few more weeks. I was still having pain with walking, so  got another scan that showed delayed union, some healing but not fully healed. I went back into the boot for 3-4 weeks, and then has been walking in sneakers with orthotics. I was doing great until 2 weeks ago when the pain came back. An MRI showed edema, persistent fracture, a cystic intraosseus cyst  (which was on prior imaging as well), chondral loss, and partial ligamental tear of MCL. Full results below.

I saw a surgeon who has had good results with sesamoidectomies although I’ve heard that surgery could lead to further complications. I also have hallux valgus on my right greater than my left foot. Does surgery sound reasonable at this stage? If so, what should that entail, removal of the sesamoid only? Or would you recommend more immobilization? Drain the cyst? Steroid injections? I am desperate and would really appreciate any thoughts you have. I can send photos of MRI if that is helpful. I also had CT done back in Nov. Thank you so, so much.

IMPRESSION:
1. Undisplaced fracture of the medial sesamoid bone with persistent
diffuse bone marrow oedema appears similar to the previous study.
Fracture line is still visible on MRI but the degree of fracture
healing would be best assessed by CT if clinically indicated.
2. Cystic intraosseous lesion within the medial first metatarsal head
likely represents an intraosseous ganglion cyst related to the
proximal medial collateral ligament origin. This has decreased in
size due to bony ingrowth proximally but there is persistent
moderate bone marrow oedema within the medial head of the first
metatarsal similar to the previous study.
3. Persistent increased T2 signal and thickening of the proximal
fibres of the medial collateral ligament likely due to a partial
tear.
4. Unchanged full-thickness chondral loss first metatarsal-medial
sesamoid articulation.
5. Full-thickness chondral loss medial aspect of the first metatarsal
head at the first MTP joint.

Dr. Blake's comment:  thanks for reaching out. You had quite the injury involving at least 3 structures. If you can send me the images, I can get a better read than the report alone or some random images. My mailing address is Dr. Rich Blake, 900 Hyde Street, San Francisco, California, 94109. There is never a charge for this service, just part of running this blog. What I would recommend if this was me to rest the toe bend this next year. I know that sound alot, and of course you have to evaluate things monthly. You have alot to try to heal, and I think you should give yourself the time to try to heal. You abnormally loaded the big toe joint at some point injuring the medial sesamoid, first metatarsal head, and medial collateral ligament. If surgery was to be done, they would remove the medial sesamoid, perform microfracture surgery on the first met head, and sew up the medial collateral ligament. You would be off your foot for months on crutches and scooters, and this would be bad for the ligament should needs motion. And you would still need the shoe, orthotic, dancer's pads, spica taping, etc to protect the joint for a year post surgery. 
     So, my suggestion, start using Exogen 5000 bone stimulator twice daily, get into some bike shoes with the embedded cleats or other stiff soled shoes, learn to spica tape, and design dancer's padding. Massage with oils or gels the area twice daily to de-sensitize. Do icing for 5 minutes twice daily and contrast bathing for deep bone flush each evening. All of this work is within the blog at various parts. The spica taping is actually very helpful when the ligaments are involved. 
     As the year goes on, you may be on the fast side of healing, and the restriction of shoes can be lessened. Make sure you have good bone health by getting a Vitamin D blood test, and a bone density scan. There has been many surprises on these. Hope this helps. Rich

Friday, February 7, 2020

Hallux Varus: Splinting Possibility


Dear Dr. Blake,

I came across an article from Podiatry today regarding non surgical solutions for patients who had a failed hallux valgus surgery in the past, this is my situation - I am a 55 year old woman - that is active and busy at work.  I live in NYC, otherwise I would make an appointment to see you. I am suffering from this condition  after my bunions surgery went wrong. I am really looking for some kind of orthotics to help me with basic things as walking - since my big toe is always going to the outside - is there something else than taping it together that you can recommend?

Please I really appreciate your help and will be really thankful with any ideas/tips about it.

Thank you!

Dr. Blake's comment: For walking, get 1/4 inch adhesive felt from Alimed and place it along the medial side of the big toe to gently push towards the 2nd toe. 
https://www.alimed.com/felt-plain-and-adhesive.html?pid=71891

A local brace shop should be able to use multiform, also from Alimed, to fashion a sleeping brace. Depending on how tight your tissues are, they can slowly move the first and 2nd toes closer. A sheet is cut out about 8 inches long and 4 inches wide. My little video here shows the way they would wrap the multiform. A sock will have to be worn with it.

 https://www.icloud.com/attachment/?u=https%3A%2F%2Fcvws.icloud-content.com%2FB%2FAX3GxRhBCmvKSgCBRR1T7W_rsp1qAdqnLIxCG0JiCYJLgVKAGB0_xTEZ%2F%24%7Bf%7D%3Fo%3DAhMws-pMZr_EyWlMldfUmGpiP1tCSq5lpm9mpzGPoMEH%26v%3D1%26x%3D3%26a%3DCAogy7KaaxWHJf4HlITvLmVne3lDGqP0jWe3O2P_bPFWfM4SJxD1s4CSgi4Y9cP75YsuIgEAKggByAD_fxxETlIE67KdaloEP8UxGQ%26e%3D1583714591%26k%3D%24%7Buk%7D%26fl%3D%26r%3D5FED7B9F-275F-4FC7-8E44-E3EA89D039D5-1%26ckc%3Dcom.apple.largeattachment%26ckz%3D92E7AC4E-8C1A-4612-9089-7BA3BF80F571%26p%3D43%26s%3DHzXROJt9T5Ze2NxP_lS6Fs1CR5Y&uk=IlC2Hp8yayJaQE0LrcdshQ&f=IMG_6599.MOV&sz=68183935

https://www.alimed.com/alimed-multiform.html?refSrc=921124&nosto=productpage-nosto-1

You also need to strengthen the right muscles. So, metatarsal doming must be done with the toes taped together along with single leg balancing. Hope this helps. Rich
PS you can always go to PT and have them make sure you are do the right exercises, but also increase the mobility of the lateral and medial capsules of the joint to allow it to be pulled back. 

Monday, January 27, 2020

Stem Cell Injections: Perhaps the Future, but Are They Safe?

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3070641/

Great Article!! Please read if you have decisions to be made to get stem cell injections for your problem. Rich 

Saturday, January 25, 2020

Midfoot Arthritis: Email Advice

My 88 year old mother was recently diagnosed with midfoot arthritis in both 
feet.  The orthopedic surgeon said she was not a good candidate for 
surgery. Besides ice and heat therapy, would taping, orthodics or rock 
shoes help reduce the pain?

Dr. Blake's comment: you are asking all the right questions. Yes, for midfoot arthritis most patients, even much younger then your mom do well with activity modifications to keep the pain at 0-2, orthotic devices to support the tissue, occasional taping for more support with increase stressful activities, and rocker shoes like New Balance 928. Weight can be a big issue at her age, so she made have to get by with lighter shoes but good stable orthotic devices. Way to be the running of son of the year!! Good luck my friend. Rich
Make sure she ices the top of the foot for 10 minutes twice a day until it begins to feel a lot better.

The following is an excerpt from a previous post:

3. Midfoot Arthritis/Arthralgias

     So many of my patients develop midfoot arthritis as they age. Golden Rule of Foot: Pain and swelling in the middle of your foot if you are over 60 or have had previous injuries to this area is midfoot arthritis until ruled out by MRI, CT Scan, or bone scan. Like any arthritis situation, it has both a conservative treatment side and a surgical fusion side. I have only had to recommend fusions to a handful of all my patients over the years.  

    The top 10 treatments for midfoot arthritis/arthralgias:

1. Ice Pack for 10 minutes twice daily to the top of the foot
2. Contrast Bath each evening home for 20 minutes total as a deep flush
3. NSAIDs only when needed to sleep or when the pain over 4 consistently
4. Learn a daily form of tape from supportthefoot.com or Kinesiotape circumferential arch wrap. Daily until symptoms improve, then as needed, like with long hikes.
5. Removable boot, hiking boot, bike and hike shoe, or post op shoe  when need to limit motion more.
6. Custom made functional foot orthotic devices with high arch support as a cast initially full time, and then just with activities more stressful.
7. Daily Foot and Ankle Strengthening forever. Go to Youtube and type drblakeshealingsole foot and ankle strengthening playlist.
8. Activity Modifications to create pain free environment, and build core strength and get cardio.
9. Physical Therapy or Acupuncture to reduce inflammation.
10. Occasional cortisone shots to reduce inflammation (the least as possible).

https://www.amazon.com/Secrets-Keep-Moving-Guide-Podiatrist/dp/1483586553

Monday, January 13, 2020

What are your Expectations with Foot and Ankle Surgery: Interesting Article

     This is a great article to review pre and post foot and ankle surgery. I think it can also help those having surgery to ask more questions of the surgeon or 2nd opinions. Rich

https://podiatry.com/news/274/Fulfillment-of-Expectations-After-Foot-and-Ankle-Surgery-A-Review

Monday, January 6, 2020

When the Pain is Superficial, Think Deep

When the Pain is Superficial, Think Deep

In medical school and residency training we are taught that superficial pain in a muscle/tendon/ligament may be secondary to deeper, more serious problems. The superficial structures may be sore for many reasons, including deep swelling that has surfaced (like after an ankle sprain), or muscle soreness from strain as they compensate to protect the deeper tissues. Hundreds of examples abound, including the diagnosis of Achilles tendinitis, only to later find out that there was a chip fracture in the back of the ankle requiring surgery. The diagnosis of Achilles tendinitis may have been followed with months of physical therapy, casts, orthotics, braces, and medications. A sports medicine practitioner works hard when superficial structures are identified as the cause of pain to at least consider deeper evaluation if the symptoms do not respond. This is where the patient can greatly help their own cause by asking questions about possible deeper structures involved.

Golden Rule of Foot: When the treatment is not progressing, think about deeper structures as the cause of the pain.

Another common scenario (of the reverse) happens all the time, and I will use Judy's story to describe it. In this case, Judy actually developed a superficial tendinitis on the outside of her knee called Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome. The smart clinician looked deeper with an MRI and found arthritis in the knee. The decision was made, without proof, and not following KISS principles, that the arthritis must be causing the tendinitis, and that the knee required a knee replacement. The patient wisely chose the KISS principle and treated the tendinitis first (on advice from other physicians) to see if the pain would go away, and it did. I have had three major injuries in my life, and all three had a surgical option. Good people recommended good surgeries for me. But I chose to try rehabilitation first, and so far, I am fully functional and have avoided surgery. We owe it to ourselves to try rehabilitation first. In Judy's case, her pain was superficial, and surgery on her deeper arthritis was unnecessary.


The photo above shows the complexity of the knee joint and how soreness in one area may be caused by deeper problems, but perhaps not. So, deep injuries can be mistreated when the care is only directed at the secondary, more superficial soreness. And, superficial injuries with concurrent deeper, non-painful abnormalities can be mistreated when the doctor, therapist, and/or patient mistakenly blames the pain on the wrong structure.

Golden Rule of Foot: Allow time for rehabilitation to succeed or fail, so that you can possibly avoid unnecessary surgery or have the surgery you need with a firm conviction. 

The above has been an excerpt from my book: Secrets to Keep Moving

Retrocalcaneal Bursitis can be Improved with Shock Wave Therapy

Saturday, January 4, 2020

Painful Feet with Heat Exposure: Opinions Needed!!!

Hello, this is Dr. Blake and I need your help. The following are photos from a patient with extreme foot pain at the areas of redness primarily I believe when she is exposed to heat. This can be normal walking more than a mile, or triggered by hot tubs and hot weather. One suggestion is erythromelalgia from a dermatologist friend. She will be getting a biopsy soon. 


Hi Dr. Blake, 
Attached are the photos we talked about today. 

To summarize the issue: 
~ These episodes seem to be triggered by heat (hot weather, hot tubs) and/or moderate amounts of walking/standing - most of these photos were taken while I was on vacation. 
~ 10/10 pain, which can be described as achy, hot, burning, stabbing, and like a "bruised sunburn" on the soles of the feet
~ Extremely painful to walk or put weight on affected feet/foot (resulting in limping and hobbling) 
~ Feet feel warm to the touch most of the time, but especially during these episodes 
~ Usually feels better after a day or two of rest and air conditioning or moving to a cooler climate, but if air conditioning or moving to a cooler climate is impossible, it can stay like this for days/weeks

Please keep me updated on any interesting possible diagnoses! 

Oh, and here's the foot pain forum that I told you about today (full of other people who have something similar going on): https://www.foot-pain-explained.com/painful-red-spots-on-my-feet.html#comments

Thanks for your help,














Here is a response from one of my patients/friends:

I know you can research anything but here's one: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5871369/

Dr. Steve Pribut wonderful post: